Accessibility Testing Course

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What is Accessibility Testing?

Testing a web application in order to make sure that each and every user can easily access the website is known as Accessibility Testing. The specialized and dedicated branch of testing that helps ensure that websites are indeed effective in this area is called “Web Accessibility Testing”.

Most importantly, there are certain laws and guidelines for accessibility testing that are to be followed as well.

Accessibility and the Law

  • Americans with disabilities act:This law states that all the domains like public buildings, schools and organizations should make the technology accessible to everyone.
  • Rehabilitation Act, section 504and section 508: Section 504 accommodates all people with disabilities to access workplace, education & other organization and section 508 accommodates access to technology.
  • Web content accessibility guidelines:These guidelines suggest the ways that can help to improve the accessibility of a website.
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Importance

Myth 1: It’s expensive.

Fact: Precaution is always better than cure, so we can think of accessibility issues at the design stage itself and reduce the cost.

Myth 2: Converting inaccessible website to access is a time-consuming one.

Fact: We can prioritize things and just work on basic needs.

Myth 3: Accessibility is plain and boring.

Fact: Accessibility doesn’t mean that a website should only contain text. We can also add images and make it more attractive but the point to be noted is that it should be accessible for all.

Myth 4: Accessibility testing is for blind and disabled people.

Fact: Software is useful for all and hence this testing is for all the users.

Challenges of Accessibility Test

The following are some common challenges or difficulties that the accessibility guidelines try to address:

Type of Disability Disability Description
Vision
Disability		 – Complete Blindness or Color Blindness or Poor Eyesight
– Visual problems like visual strobe and flashing effect problems
Physical Disability Difficult to use a keyboards or mouse
Cognitive Disability Learning difficulties or poor memory
Literacy Disability Reading problems, find words difficult
Hearing Disability – Auditory problems like deafness and hearing impairments
– Difficulty to hear well or hear clearly

Importance

  • Easy and efficient access to users with disabilities or challenges
  • Increases market share and audience reach
  • Improves maintainability and efficiency
  • Satisfied existing and future legal requirements and helps follow ethics
  • Support internationalization
  • Assists in access for low-bandwidth users.
  • Now the question arises as what does POUR stand for and the answer is given below:
  • Perceivable:Presentation of the web suite should be perceivable. Content should make sense from all the perspective of all the users.
  • Operable: One can say that the site is operable if a user is able to navigate the site easily.
  • Understandable: Everything present on the website must be understood by any type of user. In short, the language should be easy and not a complex one.
  • Robust: Regardless of the changing technology and the type of users, the content should be robust.
  1. Why it is important how its help users
  2. Different Types of disabilities across world
  3. accessibility and disability laws
  4. Assistive Technologies like screen readers
  5. Web Evaluation Tools

Accessibility Testing have 4 core principles :

Perceivable

Operable

Understandable

Robust

Course Synopsis

Types of Accessibility Testing

Manual  : We can perform manual accessibility testing with physical interaction using WCAG guidelines and with some manual tools .

Automated

Using browser extension tools we can scan and evaluate the web pages and entire web sites .

Topics :

Overview of accessibility testing technologies and techniques

Train Testing with screen readers (JAWS, NVDA, VoiceOver, Talk back)

Training for comprehensive Accessibility testing for Web and Mobile applications

Train keyboard navigation, screen readers and color contrast analyser tools

Training for manual accessibility testing

Train on Accessibility Test plan plan and strategies

Train Automated accessibility testing approach

Train WCAG guidelines 2.0 , 2.1 with Level A , AA , AAA

Train Web Accessibility Initiative – Accessible Rich Internet Applications ( WAI -ARIA )

Screen readers :

  1. Jaws  ( Web )  https://www.nvaccess.org/download/
  2. NVDA   ( Web ) https://support.freedomscientific.com/Downloads/JAWS
  3. Voice over  ( iOS – Mobile ) https://support.apple.com/en-in/guide/voiceover/welcome/mac
  4. Talk back   ( Android – Mobile ) https://support.google.com/accessibility/android/answer/6283677?hl=en

Tools :

1.AXE  —  https://www.deque.com/axe/

  1. WAVE— https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/wave-evaluation-tool/jbbplnpkjmmeebjpijfedlgcdilocofh

3.Web Accessibility Toolbar : https://www.tpgi.com/world-of-accessibility/

  1. Google Light House :https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/lighthouse/blipmdconlkpinefehnmjammfjpmpbjk?hl=en
  2. Color Contrast Analyser (CCA) : Color contrast analyser check the contrast ratio text and web elements against background

 https://www.tpgi.com/color-contrast-checker/